本节,我们通过一些例子来演示ReplicaSet
的创建、查看、更新、删除等操作。
创建
首先我们做准备一个名为replicaset.yaml
的配置文件,其内容如下所示:
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: ReplicaSet
metadata:
name: replicaset-runs-pod
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.19.0
该ReplicaSet
配置保证同时有3个Pod副本在运行。
使用kubectl create
命令创建ReplicaSet
控制器,如下所示:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl create -f replicaset.yaml
replicaset.apps/replicaset-runs-pod created
命令行输出显示,一个名为replicaset-runs-pod
的ReplicaSet
控制器已经创建完成。
查看
我们先查看刚创建的ReplicaSet
控制器:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl get replicaset
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY AGE
replicaset-runs-pod 3 3 3 90s
可以看到控制器replicaset-runs-pod
期望的Pod数量(DESIRED)为3,当前已创建的Pod数量(CURRENT)也为3,并且处于READY状态的Pod数量(READY)同样是3,正是我们期望的状态。
接着再查看实际运行的Pod:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
replicaset-runs-pod-dzhqp 1/1 Running 0 5m
replicaset-runs-pod-hpbs8 1/1 Running 0 5m
replicaset-runs-pod-xhx9j 1/1 Running 0 5m
可以看到有3个Pod在运行,Pod名字统一使用其控制器名字为前缀,再加一个随机字符串。
使用kubectl describe
命令查看控制器,可以看到其创建Pod的记录:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl describe replicaset replicaset-runs-pod
Name: replicaset-runs-pod
Namespace: default
Selector: app=nginx
Labels: <none>
Annotations: <none>
Replicas: 3 current / 3 desired
Pods Status: 3 Running / 0 Waiting / 0 Succeeded / 0 Failed
Pod Template:
Labels: app=nginx
Containers:
nginx:
Image: nginx:1.19.0
Port: <none>
Host Port: <none>
Environment: <none>
Mounts: <none>
Volumes: <none>
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal SuccessfulCreate 8m5s replicaset-controller Created pod: replicaset-runs-pod-xhx9j
Normal SuccessfulCreate 8m5s replicaset-controller Created pod: replicaset-runs-pod-dzhqp
Normal SuccessfulCreate 8m5s replicaset-controller Created pod: replicaset-runs-pod-hpbs8
通过最后的Events
信息可知,控制器replicaset-runs-pod
运行过程中分别创建了上面的3个Pod。
更新
改变副本个数
我们使用kubectl edit
命令修改控制器replicaset-runs-pod
,把spec.replicas
数量由3调整为5:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl edit replicaset replicaset-runs-pod
replicaset.apps/replicaset-runs-pod edited
然后再次查看Pod:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
replicaset-runs-pod-5mtdk 1/1 Running 0 37s
replicaset-runs-pod-6rqqp 1/1 Running 0 37s
replicaset-runs-pod-dzhqp 1/1 Running 0 21m
replicaset-runs-pod-hpbs8 1/1 Running 0 21m
replicaset-runs-pod-xhx9j 1/1 Running 0 21m
可以看到两个新的Pod被创建了出来,Pod副本数与配置中spec.replicas
设定置一致。
类似地,当我们再次修改控制器replicaset-runs-pod
配置,将spec.replicas
数量由5调整为3,多出的Pod数量会被自动删除。
模拟Pod异常
ReplicaSet
控制器将始终确保集群中运行的Pod副本数满足期望值,当Pod被删除时,控制器将马上创建新的Pod填补空缺:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl delete pods replicaset-runs-pod-dzhqp
pod "replicaset-runs-pod-dzhqp" deleted
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl get pods
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
replicaset-runs-pod-hpbs8 1/1 Running 0 31m
replicaset-runs-pod-tbccg 1/1 Running 0 9s
replicaset-runs-pod-xhx9j 1/1 Running 0 31m
上面的例子中,当手动删除某个ReplicaSet
控制器管理的Pod时,新的Pod马上被创建了出来,通过Pod运行时间或者控制器事件信息都可以看出。
删除
当删除ReplicaSet
控制器时,其管理的Pod默认也会相应的删除,如下所示:
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl delete -f replicaset.yaml
replicaset.apps "replicaset-runs-pod" deleted
[root@ecs-d8b6 manifests]# kubectl get pods
No resources found in default namespace.
小结
ReplicaSet
控制器的能力侧重于对副本数量的把控,它能保证集群中时刻运行指定数量的Pod副本,当配置中Pod副本数量变化时,可以动态地调整Pod数量。